Temporary magnets, electromagnets and permanent magnets are the three primary types of magnets. Each is constructed from a different material and offers distinct properties.
Temporary Magnets:
Temporary magnets are constructed from a soft iron core around which an insulated wire is wound. When current passes through it, it becomes magnetic and loses it once its magnetic field is interrupted or gone. They’re commonly used in electric bells, switches, motors and telephone earpieces among other items.
Cranes also employ magnets to lift heavy loads and objects made of magnetic materials such as iron.
Magnetic compasses are used to accurately navigate north and south.
Make these magnets at home using a variety of materials and tools.
Before beginning this project, gather all necessary materials. You will require a piece of metal with some iron in it, as well as a hammer and compass; all of these items can be found at any hardware store.
Once magnetized, use a hammer to repeatedly strike the end of the metal until it becomes magnetized. Test its magnetism by placing some paper clips on it and seeing if they stick; if not, continue striking it several more times until they do.
If the paperclips stick, that means your magnet has been activated. If not, try again with a piece of metal with more iron content.
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One way to create temporary magnets is by passing an electric current through an insulated wire. This causes the magnet to attract other objects in its circuit, making it a popular method for electromagnets.
Making temporary magnets is a straightforward, at-home procedure that involves wrapping an insulated wire around an iron nail and connecting its ends to either the positive or negative terminal of a battery.
Wrap the wire tightly around an iron nail until it has two free ends and has been wrapped several times. Connect the lower portion of this coil of copper wire to the negative terminal on a battery, and attach its opposite end to a positive terminal on said battery.
Once the wires are attached to both ends of the battery, you can test its magnetic attraction by placing some paperclips on it and seeing if they stick.
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Test this experiment several times to see if the magnetic force increases each time you wrap the wire around a nail. If so, then your iron nails have been magnetized and can be used to lift objects.
Alternatively, you could take the wire off iron nails and test if a magnet can lift a small paper clip or needle. Other materials like cork or Styrofoam may also work for making magnets.
